Eastern hop hornbeam (Ostrya virginiana)

Description

Morphology/Physiology Active Growth Period Spring and Summer After Harvest Regrowth Rate Bloat None C:N Ratio High Coppice Potential No Fall Conspicuous No Fire Resistant No Flower Color Flower Conspicuous No Foliage Color Green Foliage Porosity Summer Dense Foliage Porosity Winter Dense Foliage Texture Coarse Fruit/Seed Color Brown Fruit/Seed Conspicuous No Growth Form Single Stem Growth Rate Rapid Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet) 25 Height, Mature (feet) 70.0 Known Allelopath No Leaf Retention Yes Lifespan Moderate Low Growing Grass No Nitrogen Fixation None Resprout Ability No Shape and Orientation Irregular Toxicity None Growth Requirements Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils Yes Adapted to Fine Textured Soils Yes Adapted to Medium Textured Soils Yes Anaerobic Tolerance Low CaCO3 Tolerance Low Cold Stratification Required Yes Drought Tolerance High Fertility Requirement Low Fire Tolerance Medium Frost Free Days, Minimum 165 Hedge Tolerance Low Moisture Use Low pH, Minimum 4.5 pH, Maximum 7.5 Planting Density per Acre, Minimum 430 Planting Density per Acre, Maximum 800 Precipitation, Minimum 32 Precipitation, Maximum 65 Root Depth, Minimum (inches) 20 Salinity Tolerance None Shade Tolerance Intolerant Temperature, Minimum (-F) -23 Reproduction Bloom Period Mid Spring Commercial Availability Routinely Available Fruit/Seed Abundance High Fruit/Seed Period Begin Summer Fruit/Seed Period End Fall Fruit/Seed Persistence Yes Propagated by Bare Root Yes Propagated by Bulb No Propagated by Container Yes Propagated by Corm No Propagated by Cuttings Yes Propagated by Seed Yes Propagated by Sod No Propagated by Sprigs No Propagated by Tubers No Seed per Pound 52160 Seed Spread Rate Rapid Seedling Vigor High Small Grain No Vegetative Spread Rate None Suitability/Use Berry/Nut/Seed Product No Christmas Tree Product Yes Fodder Product No Fuelwood Product Medium Lumber Product Yes Naval Store Product Yes Nursery Stock Product Yes Palatable Browse Animal Low Palatable Graze Animal Low Palatable Human No Post Product Yes Protein Potential Low Pulpwood Product Yes Veneer Product Yes